Aristotle s Views On Morality And Justice Essay - 2066 Words

Introduction Aristotle is considered one of, if not the greatest, philosophers of all time. This paper will discuss Aristotle’s understanding of the relationship between ethics and justice, ethical philosophies interpreted by other, but distinct, philosophers, Aristotle’s virtue theory and justice philosophy, as discussed in his book, Nicomachean Ethics: Book V, and how western ethics and justice concepts effect existing American civil and criminal justice systems. Ethics and Justice According to Aristotle, ethics, in simple terms, is defined as â€Å"the good.† As previously mentioned, virtue theory will be discussed in detail in a subsequent section. However, it’s important to note the difference between virtue and justice. Virtue encompasses one’s moral state, whereas justice deals with interpersonal relationships and states of character. Aristotle believes that a just state of character influences men to do what is just, act justly, and wish for what is just. Similarly, an injustice state of character influences men to act unjustly and wish for what is unjust. A just man is lawful and fair while an unjust man is unlawful and unfair. All lawful acts are just if they produce and preserve happiness for society. Laws enable justice to be sought and supplied. Justice is a virtue in and of itself; virtuous towards oneself as well as towards others. A concept that Aristotle refers to throughout book V is â€Å"graspingly.† In context, graspingly relates to greed orShow MoreRelatedEvaluating Historical Views of Leadership Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pages Evaluating Historical Views of Leadership March 9, 2014 University of Phoenix Evaluating Historical Views of Leadership This paper evaluates the leadership views of Plato, Aristotle, Lao-Tzu, and Machiavelli from the point of view of the modern military leader. The process of evaluation includes an examination of the commonalities and disparities between these views of leadership. The paper explores a definition of modern military leadership. The paper includes an assessment of theRead MoreEssay about Morals and Ethics1134 Words   |  5 Pages Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, and Nietzsche all had their own ideas for which one could reach happiness in his/her life. All have similarities in there reasoning except Nietzshe, who contradicts the others entirely. Plato states that to understand virtue is happiness. In turn virtue suffices for happiness and is necessary. Also he intuits that human reasoning prevails over spirited element or a person?s appetite. Aristotle?s arguments relate with Plato, but he builds more to it and finds his ownRead MoreComparing Aristotle And John Stuart Mill1130 Words   |  5 Pages231: Ethics 28 April 2015 Essay 2 Comparisons on Pleasure in Morality The role of pleasure in morality has been examined thoroughly throughout the beginning of philosophy and continues to be a questionable issue. With these in-depth examinations, some similar outlooks as well as differing views have been recorded. Many philosophers have dissected this important topic, however I intend to concentrate of the famous works of Aristotle, Immanuel Kant, and John Stuart Mill. After meticulously analyzingRead MoreThe Decline in Morality Has Caused an Increase in Crime Essays1011 Words   |  5 PagesThe Decline in Morality Has Caused an Increase in Crime In an age where violent crime is more dominant than ever and morality is not heard of, there arise many problems that result from each other. The past thirty years, our society has been determined to secularize itself and to separate from many moral standards that root from the Bible. Since moral values were removed from schools in the 1960s, crime and immorality has steadily risen. It is evident thatRead MoreAristotle And Marcus Cicero s Perceptions Of Virtue Ethics And The Development Of Economic Society1623 Words   |  7 Pagestoday’s society, and are considered supplementary to the economy as a whole. But philosophers have always questioned the morality of how one conducts himself in society. In this essay, we will examine Plato, Aristotle, Saint Augustine, Thomas Aquinas, and Marcus Cicero’s perceptions of what virtue ethics are, and how they facilitated the development of economic society. Morality, distinctly defines what is right and what is wrong, but theory of virtue ethics is the mechanism an individual uses toRead MoreEssay on Justice1493 Words   |  6 PagesEssay on Justice ‘Justice is such an elusive concept that it hardly seems worthwhile for a legal system to strive to achieve it’. Justice is something that we all want from a Law and believe should be an integral part in any legal system. However, the meaning of Justice is very difficult to define. There are many aspects of justice that we may question about; i.e. is a particular law just? Is the legal system just? Much of the issue of justice is very controversialRead MorePlato And Aristotle s Views On The Greek Philosophy1128 Words   |  5 PagesSocrates, Plato and Aristotle, the three original thinkers and intelligent teachers of ancient Greece, together made the Greek philosophy reach its highest state and also opened up a new world of western philosophy and culture. Among three of them, Socrates was the very first one who appeared in history, and was the very first teacher and spreader of ancient Greek philosophy. His entire life was a legend that he had numbers of followers and students. However, unlike Plato and Aristotle, this great manRead MorePlato And Aristotle s Theories Of Utilitarianism And Kantian Ethics1408 Words   |  6 PagesThe ancient theories of Plato and Aristotle differ greatly from the contemporary theories of Utilitarianism and Kantian ethics. Plato and Aristotle focused on the importance of virtue in an individual’s life. Plato believed that purity of the soul was the most important thing in life and can be achieved by mastering the four virtues: justice, wisdom, courage, and moderation. Aristotle believed that the goal of human life was to achieve happiness, which is made possible by the cultivation of a justRead MoreAristotle s Nicomachean Ethics On Virtues And The Quality Of Character A Person1543 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent for everyone. Ethics has many aspects associated with it, not just right or wrong. Through the writings of Aristotle, Kant, Mayo, and Rawls I am going to explain what I believe to be ethics and the important concepts associated with ethics. Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics focuses more on virtues and the quality of character a person has. This idea is virtue ethics and Aristotle presents many intriguing ideas aside from just right and wrong. Virtue means excellence in general and the virtuesRead MoreEvolution of Slavery in Justice Essay1183 Words   |  5 Pagesimmoral from humanity’s (also to be interpreted as America’s) standpoint but for only 150 years. Why then can we so firmly and undeniably declare that slavery is immoral? The answer lies in the writings of great political visionaries like Solon, Aristotle, Cicero, Locke, Marx, and Lincoln. Individually they all have differing opinions about slavery. Taken together, however, their works reveal a timeline that shows how slavery has evolved from an accepted to a depraved custom. Slavery’s immorality

The Social World - 1413 Words

Sexualisation of the social world has become a very prominent social issue since the early 90’s. It has affected many influential individuals in devastating ways such as that of eating disorders, body image issues and mental illnesses. This essay will explore sociological explanations to understand and draw conclusions on why the sexualisation of culture has and continues to occur today. I will explore feminism and how it has influenced sexualisation of culture today and how pornography has influenced todays pornification problems. One sociological explanation for this is that of a multitude of factors related to that of feminism. In the mid-1970s child abuse was brought to public eye by a group of second wave feminists also known as†¦show more content†¦This is the most significant of the factors that laid the ground for shift of sexualisation to become a recognised social issue from its former clinical term (Fredrickson 1992). However, positioning the innocence of a child to symbolise femininity began to counter benefit the movement by setting the tone for the return of traditional family values. For example, the innocent girl was remobilized to attack the legalization of child abortion, a goal that feminists had achieved years earlier. This debacle however did provide the ideal social conditions for today’s sexualisation problem to be identified as in 1981 journalists were beginning to investigate the sudden sexualisation of young females. Sexualisation being used to describe mal socialization which in fact separates children from their natural essence causing premature entry in adult forms of sexual subjectivity. For example, that of play makeup for girls (Schiro 1981). Another sociological explanation that is provided for the pornification of media today is that of the evolution of porn. Pornographic content has always been in existence with our culture with prehistoric rock art dated before civilisation depicting sexual acts. This can also be seen in art work during the Victorian era such as that of the painting by Édouard Manet titled Olympia which was a nude picture of a French courtesan which

Documentary Critique Essay Example For Students

Documentary Critique Essay This is a critique of Roger And Me, a documentary by Michael Moore. This is a film about a city that at one time had a great economy. The working class people lived the American dream. The majority of people in this town worked at the large GM factory. The factory is what gave these people security in their middle working class home life. Life in the city of Flint was good until Roger Smith the CEO of GM decided to close the factory. This destroyed the city. Violent crime became the highest in the nation, businesses went bankrupt, people were evicted from their rented homes. There were no jobs and no opportunity. Life was so bad that Money magazine named Flint the worst place to live in the entire nation. When news of the factory closing first broke, Michael Moore a native of flint decided to search for Roger Smith and bring him to Flint.Michael Moore is the author and narrator of this touching film. He is seen throughout the film. He interviews many people and tries again and again to find Roger Smith. He is thrown out of private clubs, offices and yacht clubs. His authorial voice is observational. He tells all sides of this sad story. He interviews the people of Flint and GM executives including Roger Smith. He even interviews the few very well to do people in the now struggling city. One executive is used over and over in this film. His opinion is that GM has to do what GM has to do to stay competitive, and the nature of corporations is to make money. His views were shocking to me after seeing the struggle that the city was in. How could he say this when streets were filled of boarded up homes and businesses? The city is doing so bad that the rat population actually increased the human. These comments made me sick because he actually believed what he was saying. The well to do or very rich people in Flint had different statements but they were just as disturbing. Get up and do something, They dont want to work, We have such a good welfare program these days and there being lazy were just some of the comments. These people just seemed really naive to me. I got the impression, and I am confidant that their families has had money for years and that they were brought up on this type of attitude. The sheriff of the city was interviewed as he evicted people from their homes. He said he was so backed up with evictions that he had to kick people out of their homes on Christmas eve. So many people were leaving this town that people getting evicted couldnt call a moving truck. All of these interviews shows the depth of the entire story, not just one side.Roger Smith was finally asked at the end of the film what he thought of people being out in the street in Flint. He said that it had nothing to do with GM. The directors choice of authorial voice certainly impacted my feelings about the film. The director showed all sides of the story but anyone who watches this film will side with the city of Flint. One reason for this was showing the archive footage of the city of Flint before the decision of the plant. There was footage of people with smiles walking the streets of Flint and footage of many thriving businesses. The city of this day was a totally different than after the lay off. Now there was a city where people wore a frown and businesses were boarded. This was very effective in portraying the documentary subject because you could see the before and after effect with your own eyes. The directors authorial voice provided me with a compelling point of view. .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51 , .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51 .postImageUrl , .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51 , .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51:hover , .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51:visited , .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51:active { border:0!important; } .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51:active , .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51 .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8e368f3eff8c6a9a677d9fc1a13e3c51:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: An opninion on Christ by Bill McKeever EssayTo me Roger Smith was almost evil. How could he let this happen to a whole city when he had the power to stop it. GM as a corporation was in very good shape. They did make more profit from using Mexican workers but is it really worth all this? My view of the people laid off varied. Some were naively optimistic. Others turned to a life of crime. .While, others intelligently moved away. This was shown by the many interviews given to the people of Flint. The story of the film had an important significance. It is not worth a small profit to destroy peoples lives. This was a small profit to such a big company like GM. This film showed the repercussions when something like this happens. People , hungry and poor turning to crime. In my opinion, the welfare of a whole city is much more important than a small selfish profit especially when GM was not in danger of bankruptcy. Roger was an egotistical and selfish person. When it came down to looking at the city of Flint he turned the other way. I totally understand that GM is a business and I believe in capitalism but we have to take care of people before making money. In this case we have to take care of the welfare of an entire city before making a small profit. I dont understand how a man like Roger can live with himself after making a city that lived the American dream into a giant ghetto. He should have looked at the city of Flint and then took a good look at himself and reconsidered the decision. In conclusion this documentary showed what happens when large corporations dump American workers for foreign workers. The companies save money but we need to take care of are own people (Americans) before thinking about a profit.

Coaching and Counselling Skills for a Manager free essay sample

Supervisors procrastinate in coaching or counselling because theyre afraid of hurting employees feelings †¢Coaching or counselling documentation is inconsistent or nonexistent because there hasnt been consistent management training conducted †¢Supervisors and managers need to be more assertive in addressing performance issues †¢Employee development aspect of coaching needs to be improved †¢Supervisors need to fully understand the principles and benefits of progressive discipline through an effective management skills training course †¢Coaching or counselling sessions end up in hurt feelings, arguments or disagreements †¢Managers need to understand how to train their employees better †¢Managers need to counsel emotional employees more effectively †¢Supervisors need to remain in control of their emotions when counselling employees Training Solutions: †¢Improve employee performance and results through a more effective coaching and leadership training †¢Enhance feedback and criticism skills that result in changed performance †¢Establish organizational consistency in formal and informal disciplinary practices †¢Boost the productivity and quality of individuals and teams †¢Succeed with angry and emotional employees †¢Improve the motivation and morale of employees †¢Safely and legally discipline employees Make your feedback more effective in changing behaviour and performance †¢Document employee performance, behaviour and attitude safely and consistently †¢Establish and enforce consistent progressive discipline practices †¢Choose the right words to improve understanding and reduce defensiveness in coaching or counselling †¢Document verbal and written warnings consistently and safely †¢Develop more powerful and effective communication skills †¢Defuse angry and emotional employees more successfully †¢Handle difficult and sensitive issues more confidently †¢Maximize t he results of effective criticism †¢Support supervisors and managers with effective leadership training Coaching Counseling Skills for Managers Course Outline: I. We will write a custom essay sample on Coaching and Counselling Skills for a Manager or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Developing the Foundation for Constructive Leadership 1. Establishing confidence and trust with our employees 2. Understanding the influence of management styles on employee behaviour 3. Deal with different personalities more effectively with our management skills training 4. Using common sense motivating factors II. Coaching Employees for Maximum Performance 1. Creating a team vision 2. Making employees accountable and responsible 3. Giving effective positive and negative feedback 4. Using feedback to change employee behaviour 5. Choose the right words for more constructive criticism 6. Gain their commitment to improve 7. 5 step coaching plan III. Counseling Employees to Improve Performance 1. Using performance appraisals to drive improvement 2. Using constructive versus destructive communication 3. Issuing and documenting formal and informal verbal warnings 4. A 5 step counselling plan 5. Developing a PIP-performance improvement plan that works 6. Legally safe written warning documentation 7. Progressive disciplinary guidelines IV. Difficult Coaching Counseling Situations 1. Employees bringing personal problems to work 2. Handle difficult or explosive personalities and behaviours 3. Safely terminate employees who dont improve 4. Coach employees who are personal friends or former peers 5. Counsel employees who are older than or have more seniority than the manager 6. Deal with chronic complainers and gripers 7. Learn the keys to coaching and leadership

Real

Social responsibility is a critical issue facing numerous organizations in the world. In this context, IBM faces vital social responsibility issues based on the nature and range of its business and customer focus. IBM is a multinational organization. It manufactures and sells computer software, hardware, mainframe computers, as well as nanotechnology (Szymanski 34).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Real-World Example of a Business Facing a Social Responsibility Issue – IBM specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company is among the leading computer and electronic organizations based in New York City, United states. It owns and operates numerous franchise companies and multinational businesses across the globe with major branches in the United Sates, India, and Australia. A critical social responsibility issue facing IBM is the environmental conservation and sustainability. This relates to how the com pany can establish and embrace a sustainable development. Concurrently, the company has to â€Å"give back† to the community through philanthropic programs and supporting corporate social issues. The ultimate goal of IBM is to dominate in the global market with novel computer and consultation products. Its toughest competitors include Microsoft, Dell, Google, Hewlett- Packard Company, and many more. The company has to structure vital social responsibility programs so as to outdo other competitors in the global market (Szymanski 65). The presence of these key players in the PC industry makes the competition intense for IBM. This has forced the company to work out its competitive advantages so as to remain relevant and competent in the market. As a social responsibility issue, IBM has to manage a sustainable development through its strategic business programs. IBM’s objective is to substantially address the needs of its customers. The modern marketing strategies demand o rganizations to create considerable business provisions and sustainable developmental prospects (Williams, 72). In fact, IBM is very good at meeting the needs of its clients despite the challenges. This is how the company has attained its competitive advantages in the global arenas. However, as it continues to grow, IBM has to uphold suitable development through viable environmental protection initiatives. This has allowed the company to remain top in the industry. In the context of management, social responsibility is a critical provision in the business context. Lack of internal environmental protection initiatives has led to unsustainable developmental issues.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More That is why several companies and organizations have adopted it to help in bringing accountability. Leadership management pattern at IBM has really contributed to its success in the contexts of social responsibility. In IBM, ethical business provisions are critical values, principles or codes of conduct that the company embraces to ensure that its strategic decisions are virtuous in nature. Social responsibility plays a critical role in ensuring a company’s success. Currently, the organization’s culture sets standards that establish the difference between the good and the bad decisions and behaviors in regard to social responsibility. The company’s leaders are fully responsible for the setting of standards on what should be acceptable while upholding the aspects of social responsibility. Normally, clients have associated IBM brands with standard quality, reliability, and many other intrinsic values. This is due to the fact that brands simply emphasize attributes and meanings to the clients (Williams 76). This grants IBM a critical mandate to deal with the social responsibility issue on sustainable development. For a company dealing with electronics and computers such as IBM, there is a very big need to focus on both the micro and macro factors that can affect the global penetration of their products and environmental protection. Since the computer industry has been expanding tremendously, it is necessary to study the changing economic trends in order to make informed decisions on sustainable development as a social responsibility issue. Works Cited Szymanski, Aleksander. IBM and the business ethics. London: GRIN Verlag, 2011. Print. Williams, Chuck. Management. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning, 2009. Print.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Real-World Example of a Business Facing a Social Responsibility Issue – IBM specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This research paper on Real-World Example of a Business Facing a Social Responsibility Issue – IBM was written and submitted by user Xavier Davenport to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Muslims Essay Example

Muslims Essay Example Muslims Essay Muslims Essay Essay Topic: The arabian Nights One Thousand and One Nights The Muslims have been a part of the American History ever since the Pre-Columbian times. The Early explorers used maps that were made by Muslims. At the time, the Muslims had advance Geographical and Navigational information. Also, aside from this, during the time when African slaves were imported in the Americas, half of the slave population could be estimated to be Muslims. The Msulims arrived in Europe in different ways, these were through, Muslim Explorers, Muslim Armies, Traders, and through Scientific Research and Arabic Manuscripts. Europe being influenced by Muslim Culture was famous for exploring the Western Continent. These are some instances in History that could usher a great influence in Culture.Islamic ScienceIn 750 AD, Abbasid caliphs of Baghdad, helped Science not only to thrive, but also spread towards the West(Spain) and East(Central Asia) in a period of over six hundred years.Influenced by Greek, Indian and Persian Culture, the early Arab Muslim scholars were able accrue an insurmountable amount of scientific knowledge. In doing so, they were able to make it flourish through their own innovations and discoveries.Astronomy and Mathematics were two of the bodies of knowledge which the Muslims paid attention to. Astronomy was particularly important to them specifically because of their religion. In Muslim Religion, one must pray towards a specific direction, specifically towards Mecca. Wherever a Muslim follower is, he must pray towards that direction, and at the time, they did not rely on any instruments such as a compass, but simply relied on the stars. Mathematics is relatively important to them as well with regards to dividing their property with regards to Inheritance in the Islamic Law.Although Science developed with the help of Islam’s, there are no active figures in Science that were Muslims. But during the 12th and 13th Centuries, the Research paper done by these people were translated from Arab to Latin and was passed to the wes tern continents.Medical ArtsA book that may be found in on-line, Islamic Medicine, Proviedes studies and various essays pertaining to different Physicians and scholars which would contain chapters on Islamic Medical Ethics, euthanasia and AIDS. The advance stages of Arab Medicine came in 12th and 13th Century, wherein we can find entries pertaining to Medical Schools flourishing in the Muslim Society.Some achievements of Arab medicine that were overlooked by the west was Muslim(Arab) roots of European Medicine, and the Discovery of how Pulmonary Circulation works in the Body. In fact it was discovered later by two doctors in the U.S. that the Pulmonary Circulation was indeed discovered by a Muslim that goes by the name of Ibn Nafis. This proves that the Pulmonary Circulation was not discovered in the 16th Century by the Europeans, but by Ibn Nafis who was actually a famous physician of the 13th Century.Alchemy and ChemistryAlchemy is often related to magic. It is described as the Ma gical transformation of different kinds of metal, specifically; Lead, into gold which is the most precious metal of the time. Alchemy in reality is the precursor to Modern Chemistry as we know it.A record from the 14th Century of the Arabs maid by Abu al-Qasim Muhammad Ibn Ahmed al-Iraqi, pertained to a book which was about the cultivation of Gold.Literature and PoetryAn Arab named Al Biruni, born in Khawarizm(Caspian Basin), who lived in 1050’s was a man of letters and words who gave the Arabic Culture a universal dimension. Al wrote in the Persian and Arabic languages. He said, I was brought up in one language (that of Khawarizm) †¦ I learnt Arabic and Persian later, and I therefore come as an outsider to both these languages, my command of which I strive to perfect. But I must confess that I would rather be insulted in Arabic than praised in Persian.In the 8th Century, the first Arabic Literature that could be called a masterpiece was â€Å"Ibn Al-Muqaffas Kalila Wa Dimna†. This was an indication to the nature of this epoch and also it was a collection of Indian Fables translated in the Arab language. These Indian fables may it be the Persian or the original Sanskrit version is now lost.Arab grammarians were able to establish rules for the language which was developed to be pure and as much as possible, close to its origins. This was the time that the first Arab dictionary was created. During this time, the paper industry developed and the rulers began to take a liberal approach with regards to arts. Soon after, the aristocracy supported and patronized the evolution of Literature.Literary genres such as the Epistle, the short story(risala) and the maqama(a mix of diction and reality in a form of a rhythmic prose, where in the action is centered towards one character), prospered. It was at this time that the champions of Reason started to debate against the conservative majority, whether to keep their native tongue or propagate diversity.T he Arabian Nights, Alf Layla Wa Layla, or the World famous â€Å"A Thousand and One Nights† is an essence of ‘peddlers’ literature’. Peddler’s Literature in laymen’s terms would mean a form of public speaking. In Muslim countries, public speaking is a form of entertainment or communication that is loved by all. Public Speeches are done in city squares and is often used to deliver poetry, which comes with gestures. The Public speaker must have a god command of the literary piece and must also command the public to continually gain their attention.Geometrical OrnamentationBecause of the Geometrical style of Ornamentation, the art of Muslims moved towards pure abstraction. Art of Astronomers and Mathematicians would be described by the series of modifications and superposing of star like shapes with six, eight, ten, or even twelve points. With these kinds of designs which has countless foci, constitutes an invitation to meditate.Moral SystemIsla m has done a really good job of creating foundation for Human rights all through out the world which is not only observed but respected as well, what ever the circumstance may be. Not only do Muslims provide legal safeguards but they also provide and effective moral system. This moral system can be discussed as such: Anything that would lead to the welfare of an individual or the welfare of the society is morally good, and such, whatever provides to be injurious to the society and its people may be considered as morally bad.Muslims have never claimed the right to call their Moral system to be one of its kind, or a breakthrough when it comes to other moral systems, nor did it ever seek to minimize or exaggerate the importance of other moral systems. They address the well known moral virtues with equal importance with regards to its role in the scheme of life. The Muslims wanted to ensure that their sense of morality overcomes one’s selfish desire.May it be literature, science, medicine, astrology, geometry or Alchemy; Muslims have indeed made a mark in History. Their culture is rich and has done a great job of influencing other nations, specifically the Western Nations. The Influence was neither forced nor was it intentional. It was the inevitable outcome of two civilizations meeting, mixing and taking the best from each other at the boundaries of the Muslim encroachment on the Christian Civilization in Europe.

Comments to Peer Response DQ1MD and DQ2 JB Essay

Comments to Peer Response DQ1MD and DQ2 JB - Essay Example The buyer and the seller have to make negotiations to a point where they mutually benefit from the transaction. This may compromise the expectations of the two parties. Greater negotiations by consumers boost competitive pressures leading to improved value for money. This is reflected in the lower costs and higher service value (Benassy, 2005). These are goods or services that can be used by numerous individuals concurrently without diminishing the value of consumption to any one of the individuals. This argument supports that it is difficult to elicit people’s preferences for public goods. This key feature of public goods, that several individuals can use the same good without reducing its value, is expressed as non-rivalry (Batina & Ihori, 2005). Non-rivalry is what differentiates public goods from private goods. Public good also has the features of non-excludability that is a person cannot be stopped from using the commodities regardless if the person makes payment.  Economists refer to public goods as  non-rivals and not excludable. These goods may include national security, drain systems, public recreational areas and crucial television and radio transmits (Centre & Touffut,